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Welcome to "Critical Thinking for Earth Scientists"
I have created this course to help Earth Scientists learn the critical thinking skills they need to succeed in their chosen Earth Science professions. From my own personal experience at college and after 30 or more years of consultancy in the petroleum industry and teaching university and professional geoscience courses, I have come to realise that critical thinking skills are not explicitly taught on most college courses. Of course, some people gathered the skills along the way and excelled, but a great many more struggled to get through their college education and continue(d) to struggle in their early professions (myself included!), for lack of a clear understanding of critical thinking.
Critical Thinking is one of those things that "Critical Thinkers" take for granted, and assume everybody must understand (this is a classic bias called the Dunning-Kruger effect - but more of that later!). They don't "know that they know" how to think critically, or spend any time "thinking about how they think". They just think and solve problems, and assume everybody else must be doing the same.
I have realised now that years ago, when I was an employer in the Earth Science service industry, what I was looking for during an interview was evidence of critical thinking skills. The ability to frame and solve the problem, even outside your area of expertise. I graduated with a PhD in Sedimentology and Diagenesis, but one of the first jobs I did was logging and modelling fractures in core, which I had never done in my life! I had to learn fast!
You have to be able to prioritise what has to be done and do the best job in the shortest time. Domain "knowledge and expertise" is worthless without these other skills. In many cases, these skills were enough, even without "domain-specific knowledge and expertise". Some of our most creative and productive employees didn't have relevant domain expertise, but they were great learners and problem solvers. Conversely, some with shining academic records had limited ability to apply themselves to anything outside their comfort zone.
Being a Critical Thinker is what will give you an edge in this increasingly competitive and diverse Earth Science employment market. That is why the course culminates with a review of your skills portfolio. Hopefully in this course I can guide you to upgrading your "Earth Science Mindware", and give you the edge that you need to succeed as an Earth Science "problem solver".
Follow The Road Map Below
There are many ways we could go about this. To get a clear picture of how I have decided to go about it please watch the introductory videos and read through the top-level descriptions of the all the course chapters below. This will give you the big picture. You can then expand each chapter with the "down arrow" symbol in the top-right of each chapter description, to see the detailed descriptions of the videos and other activities in each chapter. They should follow a logic and build the story within each chapter. Access to the details in each chapter require completion of the previous chapter.
There are thematic forum discussion activities throughout the course, but if you have any general queries or comments to discuss, please use the General Discussion Forum below. If anybody else is online at the same time, you should be able to use the Live Chat to say Hello and see what they are up to. Have Fun!
Dr. Greg Samways
Teacher -
Introductory Videos
Overview of the "Critical Thinking in Earth Sciences" course
The three videos below provide a brief overview of the course background, course outline and detailed course content. These are the videos that were posted on the GeoLumina Website.
If you have not seen then before, then they provide some background on how the course came to be, something about Greg's background and an overview of what will be covered in the course
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1 - What is Critical Thinking?
This chapter aims to provide an overview of the nature of critical thinking and how the brain works, how we use the Neocortex to think rationally and systematically, how our reptilian brain tries to fool us with cognitive biases and how this all leads to uncertainties in our problem-solving.
Work systematically through the videos, taking notes, then test out your knowledge with the quizzes.
If you have any general queries along the way, please do add a discussion to the forum. -
2 - Cognitive Biases in Earth Sciences
Having understood from Chapter 1 how the brain works and been introduced to the concept of cognitive biases, Chapter 2 will look in more detail at the specifics of cognitive biases in Earth Sciences, with a number of examples.
Watch the video, take some notes, then have a go at the quiz at the end to check what you have learned.There is also an activity for you to compile examples of cognitive biases that you have witnessed or experienced in your workplace (but don't mention any names for legal reasons!).
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3 - De-Biasing Strategies
Now that we have understood the issues with cognitive biases and the subjective uncertainties that come from them, we have to think how we can avoid those biases in our decision-making and problem-solving.
In this chapter we will consider a number of strategies that could be employed as an individual or as an organisation to avoid these biases. We also want to hear your experiences as to how we can debias our decision-making and problem-solving.
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4 - Critical Thinking Skills
Now we have an idea of the general knowledge and skills that we need to be better critical thinkers, we need to focus on developing our skills portfolio. What skills do we need to acquire or improve, and how do we get started?
In the series of videos presented in this chapter we will visit each of the skill groups highlighted below and learn about some of the key skills in each group. These are the kind of skills that will help us all be more successful in our chosen Earth Science careers. Note that the videos in this section are only intended to get you started with a demonstration and a downloadable example of each skill that you can work with. Once you have completed each activity, follow the recommended links to further online learning resources to develop your skills.
Think of this chapter as a skills development road map, and remember, one of the key skills we are here to learn and practice, is how to learn! In particular how to research and learn online, with the myriad resources that are out there.
Ultimately it is the self-reliant, self-starting, self-learners who know how and where to look and know how to learn quickly that are going to be the most employable. -
5 - Developing and Managing Your Skills Portfolio
The employment market in Earth Sciences is diverse, volatile and competitive. You don't just need qualifications, you need experience. But how do you get experience when you can't get a job? Catch 22. In this short video I will make some suggestions as to how you might improve your "portfolio" to take to your next interview.
You don't need to work for a company to get experience. There are plenty of problems out there to be addressed, plenty of data to work on and plenty of free software to work with. There is nothing to stop you downloading some seismic or well log data and doing your own mini-research project. Map some surfaces, correlate some wells. Don't wait for somebody to give you a project. Even better, find a really good paper, with a great story, and see if you can download the data that was used for the paper, and push it a bit further, or test a new hypothesis with all those skills we covered in Chapter 4.
Now may also be a good opportunity to get started on some new technical skills. In this chapter I will introduce you to simple seismic interpretation and petrophysical analysis of logs. All Earth Scientists working in the subsurface should have a working knowledge of seismic and wireline log interpretation. These are the subsurface remote-sensing tools of the Earth Scientist.
Remember, the resources are there for you to use on georesources.geolumina.org and don't forget, if you find any other resources we should know about, don't forget to share them.
To help you evaluate and develop your skills portfolio my software developer and I have built a competence management system called GeoSkills that you can get access to as part of your course enrollment. Using GeoSkills you build you own skills portfolio and self-assess your competences, then see where your skills gaps are and then do something about filling them!
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6 - References and Links
This section comprises links to useful online references, websites and applications that we have used in the course, and recommendations for further reading. There is a forum in the section for us to discuss the existing resources and suggest new resources that should be added.
1 Forum, 1 File